The Ordinary Glycolic Acid 7% Toning Solution

This formula should not be used on sensitive, peeling, or compromised skin. Please refer to the additional sun protection note and other warnings in the provided Directions.

The pH of this formula is approximately 3.6. Glycolic Acid has a pKa of 3.6, and pKa is the most important aspect to consider in formulating with acids. pKa implies acid availability. When pKa is close to pH, there is an ideal balance between salt and acidity, maximizing the effectiveness of the acid and reducing irritation. Higher pH numbers in such a case would increase salt, which counterintuitively would make the formula even more irritating than if the formula were more acidic.

Note: While exfoliating acids can result in quick visible benefits, we generally suggest indirect forms of skin exfoliation in favour of direct forms such as this formula due to potential inflammation and sensitivity associated with acids. Please refer to NIOD's Non-Acid Acid Precursor for such a reference.

Features & Benefits:

• Target textural irregularities
• Improves skin radiance
• Provides mild exfoliation for a clear skin
• Contains 7% Glycolic Acid for gentle but effective exfoliation.
• Helps reduce dark spots and pigmentation.
• Improves skin clarity and smoothness.